The item View

The item View contains items of the vertical pulldown menu:

Undo

cancellation of the last variant of visualization in Draw-area and return to the previous variant,

Redo

return to variant of visualization canceled by the latter Undo,

Zoom in

transition in the mode of image increase,

Zoom out

transition in the mode of image decrease,

Info mode

transition in the mode of obtaining of the information about traces,

Manual zoom...

image scale setting in digital form,

Zoom all

drawing of all modification in Draw-area,

Options...

visualization parameters setup

  In the user's guide on the program "The first breaks definition (FBD) " is described operation with View menu items.

Menu Hodograph(FB)

Contains items of the vertical pulldown menu:

Load...

Clear

Save...

Edit

The item Load...

  After pressing the button Load.. the panel Load FB hodograph is opened.

In this panel the a priori hodograph of first breaks (FB hodograph), calculated in the program FBD or phase hodograph of downgoing wave (Down wave hodogarph) is selected from the list of the tables of LDB such as FBINFO. After pressing OK it is drawn on the screen.It can be looked in the enlarged form, to edit, pressing the left key of the mouse in the mode Edit... or Rule (Pencil) in the panel of icons.The edited hodograph can be saved after pressing the button Save..., indication of the necessary component in the panel Hodographs Saving Options and selection of the table of LDB for saving in the panel Save Calc. Hodograph.

The item Clear

After pressing the button Clear the field of hodograph in memory is cleared and its image from the screen is cleaned.

The item Save...

Is intended for choice in the table FBLIST of string with a name of hodograph or new string for record of hodograph and saving of hodograph visualized in a field of traces (Draw-area) in the appropriate table FBINFO.

After pressing the button Save... will be opened ?t first panel Hodographs Saving Options, in which is set the component of saved hodograph. After pressing the button ?? in this panel the panel Save Calc. Hodograph will be opened,

the string with name of hodograph or new entry is selected from which one mouse, where the hodograph will be saved. After pressing the button ?? in this panel the hodograph is saved.

The item Edit

Is intended for editing a hodograph in a field of traces. After its activation the edit mode of hodograph is installed, in which after of each pressing of the left key of the mouse in trace nearest to a point of Draw-area, pointed by the cursor, the new node of hodograph will be is brought. Thus the old node on this trace is cleared. Any node of hodograph can be deleted by pressing of the right key of the mouse. The edit mode is closed at transition in any other mode of operation with field of traces (for example Zoom in).

Menu Deconvolution

Contains the item of the pulldown menu Set Parameters.

After pressing the button Set Parameters there is a panel Spike Deconvolution Parameters, consist of three data blocks: Operator Creation, Data, Operator Parameters, progress-indicator and actions buttons

At opening of the dialogue panel in it the parameters from the file JOBS/SPD.parare set, if it exists. If this file does not exist, the parameters by default are set.

The block data Operator Creation

Is intended for the definition of the operator kind and method of its application.

At first is selectedthe type of the operator of deconvolution (Operator kind). The variants are possible:

Frequency domain (Freq Domain), spike deconvolution (Spike).

Spike deconvolution in frequency domain with a customary regularization of the operator.

Frequency domain (Freq Domain), optimum deconvolution (Opt)

Spike deconvolution in frequency domain with an optimum regularization. As a regularization term the ratio of a power spectrum of noises to a power spectrum of an impulse seismogram is applied./EM>

  For job requires modification of reflected waves and modification of the residues after the procedure of selection. It should be applied on short-distance shot points, it is desirable together with editing of traces spectra after deconvolution. The operator for each processed depth is desirable to estimate.

Time domain (Time Domain), predictive deconvolution (Pred)

Is applied both to nearest and to the offset shot point. This mode should be applied before the procedure of selection, the operator should be calculated on one traces. An interval of prediction must be greater - about 20 ms.

  In this mode restoring amplitudes is unavailable.

Time domain (Time Domain), spike deconvolution (Spike).

Is applied for offset SP, it is necessary to use in the mode of creation of the operator on one trace. Allows to regulate a size of dist?rtions area before the first breaks (Part from the left of hodograph) and length of the deconvolution operator (Operator length).

Further is selected the deconvolution operator estimation mode (Operator from). Variants:

on each trace of input modification

In this case the operator is calculated on each trace of modification. The calculated operator is applied in the following way: if one depth corresponds to the logical number of a magnitogram of input trace, in output modifications all traces having this number (set according to magnitogram) are calculated. If several cable depthes correspond to one number, the calculated operator processes only traces which have appropriate number of the magnitogram and cable depth. The traces, which do not satisfy to these requirements, are ignored and are not written to output modifications.

on a selected trace

In this mode all traces of input modifications are processed. The operator is calculated on traces selected interactively up to start of the dialogue. If the traces were not selected, it is impossible to enter this mode. At selection of the traces for creation of the operator it is necessary to use traces outside of area of head waves. The deepest traces from modification are selected as a rule.

Traces spectra edition after deconvolution (Spectrum edition):

The mode (None, Linear, Nonlin) is set and the level of editing (Spectrum edition level) spectra upgoing and downgoing waves after deconvolution is set. None - the editing is not preset. The edit mode (Linear, Nonlin) becomes accessible after the definition of uprising waves modification(Upgoing wave).

  The purpose of editing is the decrease of values of spikes in a spectrum of upgoing waves or initial traces relatively spectrum Z (P) - component of downgoing waves after their deconvolution according to a set level of editing. On each frequency of a spectrum the coefficient of editing is determined by multiplying an value of level of editing by value of spectrum Z(P)-component of downgoing waves after deconvolution. If the value of spectrum of an upgoing wave exceeds this level, it is substituted by value of level. All components of upgoing waves are edited.

  During nonlinear editing (Nonlin) the spectrum of the main component of downgoing waves after deconvolution remains without change.

 During linear editing(Linear), the spectrum of the main component of downgoing waves after deconvolution is edited in a way to save the ratio of amplitudes of spectral components of downgoing and upgoing waves spectrums after their editing.

  For editing a field before selection (Original wavefield) the value of the parameter of editing is increased on 1, then the nonlinear editing is used.

The block Data

Downgoing modification: _____

Name open and visualized in a field of traces of modification of downgoing waves.

Modifications to execute...

  This button calls the dialogue panel Input and Output Waves Modifications, in which are set input (Input wave) and output (Output wave) modification.

 The name of modification of downgoing waves in Input wave #1 ____ is set automatically after opening of input modification. A name of modifications of upgoing waves (Upgoing wave) and initial wave field (Original wavefield) automatically rewrite from appropriate fields of the panel Spike Deconvolution Parameters in fields Input wave of the panel Input and Output Waves Modifications with next number.

 The program fulfils a deconvolution only of those modifications from the list, for which the output modifications are preset.

Upgoing wave

Upgoing wave is necessary for editing of a spectrum and for an optimum frequency deconvolution. At its definition or change the given modification is automatically brought in the list of input modifications.

Original wavefield

Wave field before selection. At editing spectrums after deconvolution is processed by the special manner. At its definition or change the given modification is automatically brought in the list of input modifications.

Residuals

The residues after the procedure of selection. It are required at an optimum deconvolution.

The block data Operator Parameters

In this data block the parameters for the operator calculation are set:

Window: Width, ms

Width of the window in area of a first break, on which the operator of deconvolution is estimated.

Part from the left of window, ms

Shift of the above described window to the left with respect to a first break.

Operator length, ms

Length of the predictive deconvolution operator or double-sided operator of spike deconvolution (in the mode Spike in Time Domain).

Regularization parameter

The regularization parameter (0<alf<10) of inverse operator. Than less parameter value, the more resolution of traces and is more an noises level after deconvolution.

Prediction interval

Interval of a prediction in ms for the operator of predictive deconvolution. The operator of predictive deconvolution tends to compress a signal up to the prediction interval value. The less interval, the more rigidly deconvolution and is higher a noise level.

Spectrum edition level

Level of editing of a spectrum after deconvolution 0.1<=lev<=100. The less parameter value, the more hard editing (is suppressed the greater number of spike pips in a trace spectrum of upgoing waves after deconvolution, among which, except for the sharply expressed pips, there can be pips with less expressed amplitudes. Excessively low level of editing can give in essential dist?rtion of a spectrum and poor result of a deconvolution. Recommended Value 0.8. The spectrum editing is possible only at the definition of upgoing waves modification.

Operator convolution in: Freq Domain, Time Domain

Convolution of the operator with trace in frequency or time domain. The convolution of the operator in frequency domain is possible for all kinds of the operator (Operator kinds). The convolution of the operator in a time domain is possible only for operators calculated in a time domain (Pred or Spike in time domain ). At the definition of convolution in a time domain to the calculated operator the minimum-phase HPF is applied only, and the LPF is not used.

Band-Pass Filter:

Parameters of frequency response of the trapezoidal bandpass filter:

Left low-cut frequency (Hz)

       the left frequency of a low frequency cut of filter (LLF) (Hz),

Right low-cut frequency (Hz)

       the right frequency of a low frequency cut of filter (RLF) (Hz), DD>Left high-cut frequency (Hz)

       the left frequency of a high-frequency cut of a filter (LHF) (Hz),

Right high-cut frequency (Hz)

      the right frequency of a high-frequency cut of a filter (RHF) (Hz).

The parameters of the bandpass filter should satisfy to a condition:

      LLF <= RLF <= LHF <= RHF.

For LPF: LLF = RLF <= LHF <= RHF.

For HPF: LLF <= RLF <= LHF = RHF.

Left Cut of Filter Zero-phase Min-phase

Flag of filter kind setting for the left cut filter (HPF): zero- phase (Zero-phase), importing some dist?rtion in area of trace before the first break of a direct wave, or minimum-phase (Min-phase), not distorting this area.

  The bandpass filter is applied as a sequence of two filters: a HPF defined by parameters Left and Right low-cut frequency, and LPF defined by parameters Left and Right high-cut frequency. The LPF always zero-phase, and HPF can be both zero-phase, and minimum-phase.

The actions buttons of Spike Deconvolution Parameters panel

OK

Setting of given parameters and options, saving them in the file JOBS/SPD.par. In a field of traces along hodograph are drawn boundary of the window for operator calculation. The values of window parameters can be changed and again to press ??.

Close

closing of the panel, cancellation of the made settings,

Run

The initializing of the deconvolution process, is possible only after parameter setup (pressing of the button ??). The course of the process is demonstrated by the progress-indicator. In string of the information of the main panel of the program the information on number of the processed trace is output. Upon termination of the process is informed, that the process was successfully finished and how many traces were processed.

Stop

Process interrupt of a deconvolution by the user.

Menu Help

Contains items of the vertical pulldown menu:

Contents...

The hint call

Users Guide - >

The user's guide call

Toolbar

The toolbar is the same, as in the program of subtraction of waves, except for the added button for selection of traces for the mode of the operator estimation on one trace .

After pressing an selection button of a trace it is possible in a field of visualization of traces to select a trace, on which the operator will be estimated, to bring to it a mouse cursor and after a click by the left mouse button it to select . For cancellation of selection of trace it is necessary to click with the right mouse button. The selection of one trace automatically cancels selection another.